History of Wales. Історія Уельсу
The Celts who had first arrived in Wales in the 6th and 7th centuries B. C. were defeated by the Romans in 43 A. D. The Romans also killed large numbers of Druids, the Celtic religious leaders. These Druids could not read or write, but they memorized all the things about the laws, history, medicine necessary for the Celts. Кельти, що першими з’явилися в Уельсі в 6 і 7- му століттях до нашої ери, були переможені римлянами в 43 році нашої ери. Римляни також убили велику кількість друїдів, кельтських релігійних лідерів. Ці друїди не вміли читати чи писати, але вони усі пам’ятали про закони, історію і медицину, необхідні для кельтів.
Сакси відтісняли уельсців усе далі і далі до заходу, поки
Англійці будували чудові замки в Харлеке і Каернафоне, і в 1301 р. Едвард I, король Англії, зробив свого старшого сина принцом Уельським. Ця традиція збереглася до цього часу, і в 1969 р. ця церемонія була проведена знову. Королева зробила свого
The Saxons pushed the Welsh further and further towards the west until, in the 8th century, a Saxon king called Offa built a long ditch to keep them out of England. Then came the Normans who built huge castles to protect themselves from attacks from the west. The Welsh fought for many years to win back their freedom. The Welsh king, Llywelyn the Great, tried to unite his people against the English, but his grandson, Llywelyn the Last, was finally defeated in 1282. The English built great castles in Har-lech and Caernarfon, and in 1301 Edward I of England made his eldest son prince of Wales. This tradition has been kept until the present day and in 1969 such a ceremony took place again. The Queen made her eldest son, Charles, Prince of Wales at Caernarfon castle.
Vocabulary:
Celts [kelts] – кельти Roman [‘rauman] – римлянин Druids [‘dru:idz] – друїди law [k>:] – закон century [‘sentfan] – вік to be defeated [di’fi:tid] – бути переможеним Saxsons [‘sseksnz] – сакси Harlech [‘ha:lek] – замок в Уельсі Caernarfon [ka’na:fan] – в Уельсі Charles [t[a:lz] – Чарльз
Questions:
Who arrived first in Wales? Who were the Druids? What did the Saxons do? Why did the Welsh fight? What are the great castles in Wales?