Генри Переем – George Handel
Самый оригинальный композитор своего времени Генри Перселл писал музыку для церкви, сцены, двора и для частных развлечений. Он соединял хорошие знания музыкальных достижений прошлого с явным интересом к работам его современников, особенно к итальянской музыке XVII века. Персепл родился в Вестминстере (теперь часть Лондона) в Англии в 1659 году. Насколько известно, он провел всю свою жизнь в Вестминстере. Его отец был музыкантом на службе у короля, и Перселл получил образование как хорист в Королевской Капелле. Он занимал различные посты, включая
Перселл умер в Лондоне 21 ноября 1695 года.
Перевод на английский:
George Handel
A musical giant of the late baroque period, George Frederic Handel was born in Germany but spent most of his adult life in England. He successfully combined German, French, Italian, and English musical styles in about 40 operas, 20 oratorios, and numerous other vocal pieces, instrumental works, and church music. Handel was born on February 23,1685, in Halle in Saxony. In addition to musical studies, he Was trained in the law at Halle University. Although appointed an organist of the Halle Cathedral in 1702, he moved to Hamburg the next year, where he obtained a position as a violinist in the opera orchestra. His “St. John Passion” was performed in 1704 and his first opera, “Almira”, in 1705. Then Handel went to Italy, which was the musical centre of Europe, where his work was already known. He met the leading musicians of the day and composed the operas “Rodrigo” and “Agrippina”, many Italian solo cantatas, Latin Church music, and the oratorio. In 1710 Handel left for London. His opera “Rinaldo” was received enthusiastically in London in 1711. His “Ode for the Queen”s Birthday” and his work in celebration of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 won him a royal pension. As a composer, producer, and director of operas, Handel continued his work until 1741 despite changing public tastes and financial problems. In 1718 he became the director of music to the duke of Chandos, for whom he composed the 12 “Chandos Anthems”. He also composed “Haman and Mordecai”, later reworked as “Esther”. His famous “Messiah” was written for a performance in Dublin, Ireland, in 1742. After recovering from several periods of poor health, Handel began to have trouble with his eyes in 1751. Two years later he was nearly blind. He died on April 14, 1759, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Henry Purcell
The most original English composer of his time, Henry Purcell composed for the church, stage, and court and for private entertainment. He combined thorough knowledge of past musical achievements with obvious interest in the work of his contemporaries, especially Italian music of the 17th century. Purcell was born in Westminster (now part of Greater London), England, probably in 1659. As far as it is known he spent his entire life in Westminster. His father was a musician in service to the king, and Purcell received his early training as a chorister in the Chapel Royal. He held various posts, including that of organ tuner at Westminster Abbey. Purcell became one of the organists at the Chapel Royal in 1682. After the death of King Charles 11 in 1685, he devoted much of his time to writing music for the stage. Purcell’s compositions, many of which were not published until after his death, include numerous songs. His opera “Dido and Aeneas” was first performed in 1689. He also wrote music for the harpsichord and music for various combinations of instruments. His instrumental music includes 13 fantasias for ensembles of varied numbers of viols and a series of sonatas for strings with organ or harpsichord. He also composed music for 43 plays. His music for “The Fairy Queen” (1692) is an adaptation of William Shakespeare’s “Midsummer Nightos Dream”. His songs, while not quite operas, are still more than mere plays with added music. Purcell’s work for the Chapel Royal includes a number of odes – six written for the birthday of Queen Mary and four for St. Cecilia’s Day – and the anthem “My Heart Is Inditing” (1685), written for the coronation of James II. Purcell left his last work, the opera “The Indian Queen” (1695), unfinished at his death. It was completed by his brother Daniel. Purcell died in London on November 21, 1695.
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